If you order your custom term paper from our custom writing service you will receive a perfectly written assignment on Bioengineering. What we need from you is to provide us with your detailed paper instructions for our experienced writers to follow all of your specific writing requirements. Specify your order details, state the exact number of pages required and our custom writing professionals will deliver the best quality Bioengineering paper right on time.
Our staff of freelance writers includes over 120 experts proficient in Bioengineering, therefore you can rest assured that your assignment will be handled by only top rated specialists. Order your Bioengineering paper at affordable prices!
Bioengineering
Question 1 A bioengineer is responsible for the development of useful devices to replace human tissue and bone. Such items include limbs and joints, replacement heart valves, the bionic ear, and artificial hearts. The bioengineer also designs surgical equipment for use during replacement surgery - not only developing the component, but also choosing a material that will not suffer greatly from fatigue, corrode or be rejected by body tissues.
Question Bioengineering timeline
beginning of Bioengineering Invention Artificial Artificial Bionic ear Development
bioengineering Boomed of plastics hip joint Heart valve fitted of artificial heart
\_____________\____________\_________\___________\_________\__________\_________/ / / / / / /
1500 WW1 WW 160 161 178 180s
14 15
Question How the artificial heart works.
AbioCor is the latest totally artificial heart (AH). It is an electro-hydraulic heart with out the need for air hoses pasting from out side the body to the AH. The AH uses a centrifugal pump centrally mounted in hydraulic fluid with this acting on polymer diaphragms. The movement of these diaphragms provides the pumping for the two chambers.
The AH is made of plastic and titanium, while power comes from a lithium battery mounted in the torso along with a control unit which regulates operation. This feature separates the AbioCor from previous AHs, and it means the user should be able to lead a normal life. The compressor is now fully contained in the chest, with battery power lasting an hour. To supplement this limited internal battery life a battery backpack can be worn which connects to the internal circuitry via induction coils (one outside the body, one inside), which negates the need for the skin to be broken thus reducing the chance of infection.
Question 4 How a bionic ear works.
The bionic ear was a term coined for the cochlear implant - it appealed to the public. It was developed over 10 years by a team at Melbourne University led by Professor Graeme Clark.
A cochlear implant is a medical device that is implanted into the head behind the ear of a deaf person. They are designed for use by adults and children who are profoundly or severely deaf and get little benefit from hearing aids.
The device is in two parts a head set consisting of a twenty-two channel stimulator in a titanium capsule with platinum electrodes which is implanted inside the skull behind the ear close to residual nerve fibres, and a pocket speech processor. The processor breaks down speech into its various components and feeds them to the implanted stimulator. The stimulator converts the sound into electronic impulses which stimulate the nerve fibres and cause a hearing sensation in the brain.
There are no sounds of speech, but they do give the user, with aid of lipreading, an increased ability to recognise words-the channels allow differentiation between vowels and consonants and sounds such as "sh" and "ess". It enable an improved detection of sounds in the environment and helps the user to better monitor the loudness of their voice.
Implant surgery lasts about hours and involves microsurgery to thread the "tail" of the electrodes into the cochlear.
Question 5 How an artificial limb is replaced.
Once it has been determined what needs to be done, a computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system designs the prosthesis.
Modifications are made while the design is in the computer. Pressure can be increased or decreased at any point to improve the fit and comfort. Next, a plaster model, or hand sculpting, of the residual limb is carved on the computer lathe machine.
Then a test socket is made on the plaster model. The test socket is then placed on the patient. If the fit of the test socket can be improved, revisions are made on the computer and the process is repeated. This occurs until the fit is just right. Finally, a cushioned insert is then made to cup over the end of the residual limb, which then slips into the prosthesis, holding it in place.
The final prosthesis offers the patient several benefits including precision fitting, improved comfort and lightweight components.
Question 6 Ethics within Bioengineering.
"Ethics"means the morality or the treatment of moral questions, or honourable actions, in any issue. Ethics is very important to the engineer as most decision the engineer makes will impact on people and society. The engineer must be able to determine whether a decision is ethically sound. In bioengineering, ethics plays an important role particularly when it comes to the testing of new developments. An artificial heart can be developed to the point where it is functional and reliable when connected to machines that simulate the circulatory system, but a point serous ethical considerations must be dealt with. Should "brain dead" people or volunteers be used? What are the implications if a volunteer dies within days of receiving a test heart?
The American company, Abiomed, plans to insert their most resent artificial heart into a brain-dead person to assess how well it performs. Abiomed has convened a team of ethical advisers to choose the initial recipient. Some people may argue that this is not ethical however tests must eventually be performed.
In the mid 180s the Jarvik-7 artificial heart was placed into a patent who lived for 11 days; this was followed by the famous Jarvik-7 William Schroeder, who lived for an amazing 60 days. Boston University bioethicist George Annas claimed it was a fate worse than death due to the complications he endured By the 1st day the Jarvik-7 had infected his blood, he suffered fever for 40 days, was fed through a tube for 66 days and he suffered 4 strokes due to clots forming in the Jarvik-7 and travelling to the brain.
Clearly, there are questions about the ethics of placing an untested device into a living person who is fully aware of his plight.
Please note that this sample paper on Bioengineering is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Bioengineering, we are here to assist you. Your cheap custom college paper on Bioengineering will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality. Order your authentic assignment and you will be amazed at how easy it is to complete a quality custom paper within the shortest time possible!